Klebsiella spp

From Dog
Small intestine from a Bordeaux mastiff with Klebsiella pneumoniae enteritis and sepsis. Note diffuse reddening with hemorrhage on the serosal surface. The mucosa is thickened and covered by fibrinonecrotic exudate[1]

Klebsiella spp are a Gram negative proteobacteria involved in a wide range of canine diseases such as pneumonia[2], otitis externa[3], cystitis[4], prostatitis[5], meningoencephalomyelitis[6], cholangiophepatitis[7][8] and pyoderma.

Klebsiella are part of the normal canine skin and intestinal microflora[9].

Species which are pathogenic to dogs include:

  • Klebsiella pneumoniae

Klebsiella spp are the second most common cause of canine cystitis[10][11]. They are also reported in canine mastitis[12]. Neonatal puppies are particularly predisposed to infections, with sources of infection including the environment, vaginal discharge, maternal faeces, oropharynx and skin[13].

Systemic infections in dogs are common with this bacteria, which can present with mutiorgan dysfunction.

Treatment soften require aggressive antimicrobial therapy and supportive treatment for pneumonia[14].

Resistance to enrofloxacin is common[15] but these bacteria are sensitive to ibafloxacin[16].

References

  1. ↑ Roberts, DE et al (2000) An outbreak of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in dogs with severe enteritis and septicemia. J Vet Diagn Invest 12:168–173
  2. ↑ Haenni M et al (2012) Veterinary hospital-acquired infections in pets with a ciprofloxacin-resistant CTX-M-15-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST15 clone. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2012 Mar;67(3):770-1
  3. ↑ Brothers AM et al (2002) Development of resistant bacteria isolated from dogs with otitis externa or urinary tract infections after exposure to enrofloxacin in vitro. Vet Ther 3(4):493-500
  4. ↑ Gatoria IS et al (2006) Comparison of three techniques for the diagnosis of urinary tract infections in dogs with urolithiasis. J Small Anim Pract 47(12):727-732
  5. ↑ White RA & Williams JM (1995) Intracapsular prostatic omentalization: a new technique for management of prostatic abscesses in dogs. Vet Surg 24(5):390-395
  6. ↑ Radaelli ST & Platt SR (2012) Bacterial meningoencephalomyelitis in dogs: a retrospective study of 23 cases (1990-1999). J Vet Intern Med 16(2):159-163
  7. ↑ Forrester SD et al (1992) Cholangiohepatitis in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc 200(11):1704-1706
  8. ↑ Farrar ET et al (1996) Hepatic abscesses in dogs: 14 cases (1982-1994). J Am Vet Med Assoc 208(2):243-247
  9. ↑ Kasempimolporn S et al (2003) Oral bacterial flora of dogs with and without rabies: a preliminary study in Thailand. J Med Assoc Thai 86(12):1162-1166
  10. ↑ Ling GV et al (2001) Interrelations of organism prevalence, specimen collection method, and host age, sex, and breed among 8,354 canine urinary tract infections (1969-1995). J Vet Intern Med 15(4):341-347
  11. ↑ Johnson, JR et al (2003) Identification of urovirulence traits in Escherichia coli by comparison of urinary and rectal E. coli isolates from dogs with urinary tract infection. 'J Clin Microbiol 41:337-345
  12. ↑ Schäfer-Somi S et al (2003) Bacteriological status of canine milk and septicaemia in neonatal puppies--a retrospective study. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 50(7):343-346
  13. ↑ Münnich A (2008) The pathological newborn in small animals: the neonate is not a small adult. Vet Res Commun 32(1):S81-S85
  14. ↑ Cavana P et al(2009) Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in a dog with Klebsiella pneumoniae septicemia. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd 151(2):69-74
  15. ↑ Grobbel M et al (2007) Antimicrobial susceptibility of Klebsiella spp. and Proteus spp. from various organ systems of horses, dogs and cats as determined in the BfT-GermVet monitoring program 2004-2006. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr 120(9-10):402-411
  16. ↑ Coulet M et al (2005) Pharmacodynamics of ibafloxacin in micro-organisms isolated from cats. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 28(1):29-36
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