View source for Bromide toxicity

Potassium bromide and bencycloquidium bromide<ref>Li J ''et al'' (2011) Subchronic toxicity and toxicokinetics of long-term intranasal administration of bencycloquidium bromide: a 91-day study in dogs. ''Regul Toxicol Pharmacol'' '''59(2)''':343-352</ref> are anti-[[seizures]] medications which may result in [[toxins|toxic]] signs in dogs.

Common causes of toxicosis relate to prescription errors in formulation of this drug<ref>Piperisova I ''et al'' (2009) What is your diagnosis? Marked hyperchloremia in a dog. ''Vet Clin Pathol'' '''38(3)''':411-414</ref> but rare cases have been reported due to methyl bromide toxicity associated with fumigation processes in food processing<ref>Wilson NH ''et al'' (2000) Methyl bromide 1-year dietary study in dogs. ''Food Chem Toxicol'' '''38(1)''':115-124</ref>.

The normal dose of KBr in dogs is 20 - 60 mg/kg<ref>March PA ''et al'' (2002) Pharmacokinetics and toxicity of bromide following high-dose oral potassium bromide administration in healthy Beagles. ''J Vet Pharmacol Ther'' '''25(6)''':425-432</ref>.

Clinical signs include depression, lethargy, decreased proprioception and hyporeflexia, stupor, erythematous [[dermatitis]], [[pancreatitis]]<ref>Gaskill CL & Cribb AE (2000) Pancreatitis associated with potassium bromide/ phenobarbital combination therapy in epileptic dogs. ''Can Vet J'' '''41''':555–558</ref>, [[conjunctivitis]], nausea, anorexia, and weight loss<ref>MacKay B & Mitchell G (1998) Spurious hyperchloraemia and negative anion gap in a dog with bromide toxicity. ''Aust Vet Pract'' '''28''':50–52</ref><ref>Yohn SE ''et al'' (1992) Bromide toxicosis (bromism) in a dog treated with potassium bromide for refractory seizures. ''J Am Vet Med Assoc'' '''201''':468–470</ref>.

Blood tests usually show [[hyperkalemia]] and [[hyperchloremia]] and testing for KBr levels in the blood frequently show bromide levels above the normal therapeutic range of 12.5 - 31 mmol/L<ref>McConkey SE ''et al'' (2012) Compounding errors in 2 dogs receiving anticonvulsants. ''Can Vet J'' '''53(4)''':391-394</ref>.

Removal of KBr from the diet usually resolves clinical symptoms.

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